Improvement in refining sugar



H. G. 0. PAULSEN. REPINING SUGAR.

No. 37,824. Patented Mar. 3,y 186:3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEc7 IMPROVEMENT IN RFINING SUGAR.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 37,824, dated March 313613.

`To @ZZ whom, t may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERMAN G. C. PAUL` SEN, of New York, county andState of New York, have invented a new and Improved lNIode of PurifyingRefined Crystallized Sugar of its Mother-Liquor or Sirup; and Ido'hereby declare that the following is a full and eX- act descriptionthereof.

.The nature of my invention consists in applying to the refinedcrystallized sugarabath of alcohol vapors of a low temperature, andeffeetin g a condensation of said vapors on their entering andprogressively penetrating the porous mass of sugar-crystals byhaving-previously cooled the .mass of sugar by injection of cold alcoholor a blast of cold air through it, thereby leaching or draining out thesirup suspended by capillary attraction between the crystals of sugar. y

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its operation.

The vessel A., in which the sugar has to be crystallized, must be aclosed vessel strong enough to sustain a vacuum. To thiscrystallization-vessel A must be attached a surface condenser, 13,' areceiver ot' condensed liquor, H, and an air-pump, C, for the purpose ofhaving the sugar to be acted on in a vacuum to permit the vapors of alow temperatute to exist and to act as intended; but this attachmentmust be at the lowest part of the bottom of said crystallization-vesselat a, for the purpose of drawing the vapors and the liquor condensed inthe sugar by the action of the air-pump C and condenser B through themass of crystallized sugarin A. To the crystallization-vessel A is alsoattached or connected by means of pipes and other suitable ixtures asecond vessel, I), the vapor-boiler containing the alcohol, from whichthe vapors are to be raised, and which vapor-boiler must be providedwith all requisite fixtures of filling and feeding thercinto thealcohol, as well as to heat up to that temperature required for raisingthe vapors. rlChis communication ofthe vapor-boiler must be with theupper part or the top of the crystallizatioirvessel at I), for thepurpose of entering therein the vapors above the surface of the sugar.The crystallization-vessel A is also connected with other vessels or setof vessels, d (Z d, so arranged as to receive the lowing-outmother-liquor or sirup and the alcohol used for washing out andcooling'the sugar. The vessel A must also be connected with anothervessel, E, containing the cold alcohol, and with an ainforce pump, F.The alcohol from which the vapors are to be raised or that used forcooling the sugar is of eighty per cent., or above this, and thetemperature of the vapors between 100 and 150o Fahrenheit.

The mode of operation is as follows: The crystallization of the sugar inthe vessel A having been completed by cooling down to about 100O or 90oFahrenheit,the mother-luy uor is first blown outA by a blast .0f coldair produced by the action of the air-force pump F. Said mother-liquor,flowing outat a, is received or enters the first of the vessels d. Thecommunication of the crystallization-vessel A with all the other vesselsis now opened, except with the reservoir of cold alcohol E, and thatwith the air-force pump Fis closed by means of the cock O. The requiredvacuum corresponding to the temperature of the vapers to be applied isformed by the action of the airpn1np Gand condenser B, and at the sametime the alcohol in the vapor-boiler D is heated up to the temperatureof the required vapors. This starts' directly the owin'g out or drainingat c of the remaining mother-liquor out of the sugar, which sirup isalso received by the vessel d. If the vacuum is of twenty-six inches,the temperature of the vapor-boiler will be about 110 to 115?Fahrenheit, and by raising the vacuum to twentyeight inches, but keepingthe alcohol in the vapor-boiler at 1100 to 115 Fahrenheit, the vaporsproduce a small pressure on the surface of the draining-outmother-liquor, assisting thereby the penetration of the vapors into andthrough the porous mass of sugar or driving` the mother-liquor out. Atthcsame time, the sugar being colder than the vapors, part ol' thevapors in penetrating downward, drawn by the action ofthe pump O andcondenser B through the mass ot' sugar, condense, and in the act ofcondensing dissolve and extract the small quantity ofsirup which wasleft hang ing by capillary attraction among the small su gancrystals bycxpelli n g said motl1cr-liquor at the commencement of the operation.rlhis vapor bath having been continued till the holecrystallization-vessel A,With the sugar contains, has been heated yorwarmed up by leans of the entering vapors to the same tem erature ofsaid vapors, the ingress of vapors .-stopped by closing the cock h, andasufi-` .ent quantity of cold alcohol out of the veszl E is run into thecrystallization-vessel A Kcool clown on penetrating the Whole mass ofigar to a temperature suiciently 10W to ef- ;ct the condensation of saidvapors, and at the une time washing out the sirup which was issolved orextracted by the condensing .vaors. All the vapors which pass throughthe ligar' are condensed in the condenser B, and he condensefl` alcoholis collected in the reeiver H. After this the sameoperation is to bercpeatedfcommencing by blowing out the4 Witnesses:

H. KATTENIIORN, A. Som-LADER.

